Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the
first earth have disappeared, and the sea existed no more. 2 I saw the holy city,
new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared like a bride
dressed for her husband.
3 And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying,
“Look! God’s residence is now among human beings. He will live with them,
and they will be His people, and God Himself will be with them.
4 He will
wipe away every tear from their eyes. Death will not exist any more, or
mourning, or crying, or pain, because the first things have disappeared.”
[1672] 5 And the one seated on the throne said, “Look! I am making everything
new.” Then He said, “Write this down, because these words are faithful and true.”
6 He also said to me, “It is done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the
beginning and the end. I will give freely to anyone who is thirsty from the
spring of the water of life.
7 The one who overcomes will inherit these things,
and I will be his God, and he will be My son. 8 But the cowards, unbelievers,
abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters and all liars,
their part will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the
second death.” 9 Then one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls full of the seven
last plagues came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the bride, the
Lamb’s wife.”
10 So he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high
mountain, and showed me the holy city, Jerusalem, coming down out of
heaven from God. 11 The city had the glory of God. Its brightness was like a precious jewel, like a crystal-clear jasper stone.
12 It had a huge, high wall with twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and the names of the twelve tribes of Israel were written on the gates. 13 On the east were three gates, and
on the north three gates, and on the south three gates, and on the west three
gates.
14 The wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the
twelve names of the twelve Apostles of the Lamb. 15 The angel who spoke to me had a golden measuring rod to measure the
city, its gates, and its wall.
16 The city is square; its length is the same as its width. He measured the city with the rod: 1400 miles. Its length, width, and height are equal.
17 He also measured its wall: 144 cubits or about 200 feet,
according to human measurements, which are also angelic.
18 The wall was
jasper, and the city was pure gold, like clear glass.
19 The foundations of the
city’s wall were decorated with every kind of precious stone. The first
foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth
emerald,
20 the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst. 21 The twelve gates were twelve pearls. Each one of the
gates was made from one pearl. The main street of the city was pure gold,
like transparent glass. 22 I saw no temple in the city because the Lord God — the Almighty — and
the Lamb are its temple. 23 The city does not need the sun or moon to shine on
it because the glory of God lights it, and its lamp is the Lamb. 24 The nations[1673] will walk by its light, and the kings of the earth will bring their
glory into it. 25 Its gates will never be shut during the day, and there will be no
night there. 26 They will bring the glory and the wealth of the nations into it, 27 but nothing impure will enter it, nor anyone who practices abominable
things or lying, but only those who are written in the Lamb’s book of life.
Commentary
Revelation
[1671]
This is a further renewal, since a new heaven and earth appeared after the flood (2 Pet. 3:6-7) and will occur at the second coming of Jesus to establish the millennial Kingdom (2 Pet. 3:10-13). The millennial scene in Isa. 65:17ff describes a new system, a new society on earth, a “new heaven and earth,” not a new universe. At that time peace will prevail on earth (Isa. 65:25), but some will be considered cursed if they die at the age of a hundred (Isa. 65:20). Isa. 51:16 and Ps. 102 (LXX) show that God has appointed Jesus as the executive of the new system where the Messiah will “establish the heavens and found the earth, and say to Zion, ‘You are my people,’” a situation certainly not true of today.
[1672]
This is an appropriate use of the verb “pass away.” Its popular use to describe “dying” is
misleading by Bible standards since when people come to the end of their lives they die or sleep the
sleep of death, or “sleep with their fathers.” Resurrection at the return of Jesus to reign in his Kingdom
is the only biblical way out of death. The idea of a surviving immortal soul is disastrous for a clear
understanding of Scripture, since if man is immortal then part of him must continue to live. If man is
immortal then the whole point of the Bible is derailed since it is the epic story of how mortal man,
including Jesus, the Son of Man, may attain immortality by resurrection from death.
[1673]
Some manuscripts speak here of “the nations being saved.” The process of restoration is
ongoing.
Revelation