Later that day Jesus left the house and sat down by the lake.So many
people came to him that he got into a boat and sat down to teach, while all the
crowds stood on the beach.He taught them many things using parables:
“The sower went out sowing seed. 4 As he was sowing, some of the seeds fell
on the road, and the birds came and ate them up. 5 Other seeds fell on stony
ground where there was not much dirt. There they sprouted at once. 6 But then the sun came up and scorched them because they had no roots, and they
withered. 7 Other seeds fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked
them. 8 Still other seeds fell on good soil, and produced a harvest — some one
hundred, some sixty, and some thirty. 9 Anyone who has ears to hear, listen!” 10 The disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Why do you speak to them using
parables?” 11 He replied, “You are privileged to know the revealed
mysteries[131] of the Kingdom of Heaven, but they are not given such insights. 12 For whoever already has understanding, to them more will be given, and
they will have an abundance. But whoever does not have understanding,
whatever they have will be taken away from them. 13 That is why I speak to
them in parables. Seeing, they do not actually see; and hearing, they do not
really hear, nor do they understand. 14 In their case the prophecy of Isaiah is
being fulfilled: ‘Even though you hear, you will not understand, and even
though you see, you will not comprehend. 15 These people have a stubborn
attitude. They do not want to listen, and they have closed their eyes.[132]
Otherwise they would see with their eyes, hear with their ears, and
understand in their minds, and return and repent, and I would heal them.’ 16 Blessed are your eyes, because they see, and your ears, because they hear. 17 I am telling you the truth: many prophets and good people longed to see
what you are seeing, but did not see it, and longed to hear what you are
hearing, but did not hear it. 18 “So listen to the parable of the sower.[133] 19 When someone hears the
Gospel-word about the Kingdom, and does not understand it, then the Evil
One comes and snatches away what was sown in his mind. This is what
happens to the seeds sown on the road. 20 The seeds sown on stony ground are
people who hear the Gospel-word and immediately accept it with joy. 21 They
last for a while, but because they do not have roots, when problems and
trouble come because of the Gospel-word, they immediately fall away. 22 The
seeds sown among thorns are people who hear the Gospel-word, but then the
worries of this age and the temptation of wealth choke the Gospel-word and it
bears no fruit. 23 The seeds sown on good soil are people who hear the Gospel-word and understand it, and who produce a good harvest — some one hundred, some sixty, and some thirty.” 24 Jesus presented another parable to them: “The Kingdom of Heaven is
like a man who sowed good seed in his field. 25 But while his workers were
sleeping, his enemy came and sowed false wheat[134] on top of the wheat, and
left. 26 So when the wheat grew and produced grain, the false wheat also
appeared. 27 The farmer’s workers came to him and asked, ‘Sir, did you not
sow good seed in your field? So where has the false wheat come from?’ 28 ‘This is the work of an enemy,’ he replied. ‘Do you want us to go and pull them up then?’ they asked him. 29 ‘No,’ he answered, ‘in case while you are
pulling up the false wheat, you uproot the wheat too. 30 Let them grow
together until harvest, and at harvest-time I will tell the reapers, “First gather the false wheat and tie them up in bundles to burn them up. Then gather the wheat into my barn.”’” 31 He presented another parable to them: “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a
mustard seed, which a man sowed in his field. 32 Even though it is the smallest
of all the seeds, when it is grown it is bigger than other plants. It grows into a
tree and birds come and nest in its branches.”[135] 33 He told them another parable: “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast, which a woman took and mixed with three measures of flour, until all the dough was raised.” 34 Jesus taught the crowds all these things using parables, and did not speak
to them without using parables. 35 This was to fulfill the prophet’s words: “I
will speak using parables, and I will reveal things hidden from the foundation
of the world.” 36 Then he left the crowds and went inside a house. His disciples came to
him and asked, “Please explain to us the parable about the false wheat in the
field.” 37 Jesus explained, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man. [136] 38 The field represents the world. The good seed represents the
children of the Kingdom.[137] The false wheat represents the children of the
Evil One. 39 The enemy who sowed the false wheat is the Devil. The harvest is
the end of the age,[138] and the reapers are angels. 40 Just as the false wheat is
gathered up and burned up, so it will be at the end of the age. 41 The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom every sinful thing and everyone who does evil, 42 and will throw them into the burning furnace,
where there will be weeping and grinding of teeth.[139] 43 Then the righteous
will shine like the sun[140]
in the Kingdom of their Father. Whoever has ears,
listen! 44 “The Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in a field. A man found
it, reburied it, and happily went and sold everything he owned and bought
that field. 45 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a trader looking for fine pearls. 46 When he found the most expensive pearl of all, he went and sold everything he owned and bought it. 47 “Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a fishing net thrown into the sea,
which caught all kinds of fish. 48 When the net was full the fishermen dragged
it up on the beach, and they sat down and put the good fish in baskets, but the
bad they threw away. 49 That is how it will be at the end of the age.[141] The
angels will go out and separate the evil people from among the good, 50 and
will throw them into the burning furnace where there will be weeping and
grinding of teeth. 51 “Have you understood everything?” he asked. “Yes,” they replied. 52 And Jesus said
to them, “So then every religious teacher who becomes a disciple of the
Kingdom of Heaven is like a homeowner who brings out from his storehouse
both the new and the old.” 53 When Jesus had finished giving these parables,[142] he departed from there. 54 He returned to his hometown and began teaching them in their
synagogue. People were astonished and asked, “Where does this man get his
wisdom and miraculous powers from? 55 Is he not the carpenter’s son? Is not
his mother Mary, and his brothers[143]
James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas? 56 Are not his sisters living here among us? So where does this man get all this from?” 57 And they took offense at him. “A prophet has respect, but not in his
hometown nor in his family,” Jesus said to them. 58 And because of their
unbelief he did not do many miracles there.
Commentary
Matthew
[130]
Comparisons, illustrations.
[131]
Not mystifications, but the revealed and spiritually discerned information about God’s
immortality program through Jesus and his Gospel of the Kingdom teaching.
[132]
Showing that blindness is self-induced by a choice not to listen carefully and intelligently to the saving words of Jesus (cp. Acts 28:23-27; 2 Thess. 2:10; 2 Pet. 3:5). Tradition uncritically accepted and often learned in church is very often the greatest barrier against grasping the truth as taught by Jesus. Or the opinions of others often count more than the approval of Jesus and God. The Bereans were commended in Acts 17:11 for being noble-minded truth-seekers, and Jesus spoke in Luke 8:15 of the Gospel word falling on some “good and honest” hearts. We must choose to embrace the Gospel message of salvation, the Gospel of the Kingdom, offered to us all by God.
[133]
In which Jesus provided his theology of salvation. This is much neglected by evangelicals who
reduce the Gospel to the death and resurrection of Jesus and have not made the Kingdom the heart of
the Gospel, too. Jesus’ first command to us all is: “Repent and believe God’s Gospel about the
Kingdom of God” (Mk. 1:14-15). 1 Cor. 15:1-3 lists “matters of first importance,” not the whole
Gospel.
[134]
A clever counterfeit. Until fully ripe, tares or darnel look like genuine wheat. False teaching
appears to be true but is poisonously false. A pseudo-wheat is hard to detect. We must be relentlessly
discerning.
[135]
The worldwide Kingdom of God foreseen in Daniel, to be inaugurated at the return of Jesus.
[136]
The Human Being, Jesus’ favorite self-designation based on Dan. 7. Jesus is the second Adam,
the head of the new creation of human persons destined for immortality in the Kingdom.
[137]
The children of the Kingdom are the royal family in training now to rule and govern as kings in
the future Kingdom (Dan. 7:14, 18, 22, 27; 1 Cor. 6:2; Rev. 2:26-27; 5:10).
[138]
We are living in the “present evil age” (Gal. 1:4), dominated and deceived by Satan (Rev 12:9).
At the end of the age (Matt. 13:39, 40, 49; 24:3; 28:20), the present evil nation-states will be replaced
by the Kingdom of God when Jesus returns to inaugurate the age to come, a new society on a renewed
earth. This is the core of the Christian Gospel.
[139]
The fate of the wicked is annihilation, being consumed in fire, not an “eternal torture,” about
which the Bible says nothing. See Mal. 4:3; Ps. 37:20; Rev. 18:8.
[140]
Citing, as Jesus often does, the book of Daniel (12:3; cp. Rev. 1:16). The event is the resurrection (Dan. 12:2; Isa. 26:19).
[141]
The end of the age is the moment when Jesus returns to establish the Kingdom of God
worldwide, bind the Devil and grant immortality to the faithful of all ages.
[142]
The end of the third of the five blocks of Jesus’ teachings, showing him to be the ultimate
Moses whose law is written in five books (cp. Deut. 18:18-19; John 12:44-50; Acts 3:22; 7:37).
Matthew