You foolish Galatians, who has deceived you? Before your eyes
Jesus Messiah was publicly shown to be crucified.
2 I only want to learn
one thing from you: Did you receive the spirit by the works of the Law, or by
hearing and believing the Gospel?
[1160] 3 Are you so foolish that you began in
the spirit and are now trying to finish in the flesh?
4 Did you suffer so much for nothing
— if it was for nothing?
5 So does He who provides you the spirit and works
miracles among you do it by the works of the Law or by your hearing and believing the Gospel?
6 “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as making him
right.”
[1161] 7 So know this: people who believe God are children of Abraham.
8 As it is foretold in Scripture that God would make right the Gentiles by believing,
so the Gospel was preached beforehand to Abraham: “All the nations
will be blessed in you.”
9 So those who believe God[1162] are blessed along with Abraham, the believer.
10 For all those who depend on the works of the
Law are under a curse,
because it is written, “Cursed is everyone who does not continue doing everything
that has been written in the book of the Law.” 11 Clearly, no one is made right before God by the Law, because “The righteous will live by believing.”
12 But the Law does not depend on believing; on the contrary, “Whoever does the works of the Law will live by them.”
13 Messiah redeemed us from that curse of the Law by becoming a curse for us, because it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a cross.”
14 This happened so that in Messiah Jesus the
blessing promised to Abraham[1163] would come to the Gentiles, so that we could receive
the promise of the spirit through belief.
15 Brothers and sisters, I am speaking from human experience: even a
human contract, once ratified, is not canceled or added to.
16 Now the
promises were made to Abraham and to his seed. It does not say, “seeds” in
the plural, but singular “seed,” that is Messiah.
17 What I mean is this: the
Law which came 430 years later does not make void the
previous covenant ratified by God, and so cancel the promise.
18 For if the inheritance[1164] is based on the Law, it is no longer based on the promise. But God in His grace gave it to Abraham through the promise.
19 What was the point of the Law then? It was added because of sins, but only until the seed came to whom the promise had been made. The Law was put in place through angels by a mediator.
[1165] 20 Now a mediator is not for just
one party, while a promise depends on one person, and God is only one Person.
[1166] 21 Does this mean that the Law is
against the promises of God? Absolutely not! For if a law had been given that was able to give
life, being right with God would have been based on that law. 22 But the
Scriptures confined everything under sin, so that the promise by the faith of
Jesus Messiah[1167]
might be given to those who believe.
23 Before faith came we were kept in custody under the Law, imprisoned until the
faith which was to come would be revealed. 24 The Law was our tutor and guardian until Messiah, so that we could then be made right by faith. 25 But now that
faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian. 26 For in Messiah Jesus you are all children
of God, through faith.
[1168] 27 For all of you who were baptized into Messiah have clothed yourselves with Messiah.
28 There is no longer Jew or Gentile, slave or free, male or female; you are all one in Messiah Jesus.
29 And if you belong to Messiah, then you are Abraham’s children, and heirs of
the promise.
[1169]
Commentary
Galatians
[1159]
The cross ratified the whole new system of the New Covenant, making the
“works of the Law,” which created a barrier between Jew and foreigner, unnecessary. The barrier was
pulled down in Christ (Eph. 2:14-15).
[1160]
This is one of the most instructive verses in the whole NT. The spirit is received by the “hearing of faith,” i.e. accepting and obeying the Gospel message (see Rom. 10:17; Eph. 1:13). This is NT shorthand for the Gospel about the Kingdom of God as preached by Jesus and Paul (Mk. 1:14-15; Acts 19:8; 20:24-25; 28:23, 31; cp. Acts 8:12, etc). Abraham is the model, who believed the promises of God and acted on them, obeyed them (v. 6). So the Christian is commanded to obey Jesus at the point of accepting and believing the first command of Jesus to “repent and believe the Gospel of the Kingdom” (Mk. 1:14-15). The principle that the spirit is received in the spiritual words of God or His Son is beautifully illustrated by Zech. 7:12 and by Jesus in John 6:63. God sent His spirit through the words of the prophets, and words are the expression of spirit (Job 26:4; Prov. 1:23). The spirits or minds of speakers are to be tested by the word they utter to see if they are true or false (1 Jn. 4:1-6). The words of God are put into the lips of all the prophets and ultimately the words of the final prophet and Son of God, Jesus. Believing what is true and having a love for truth is the basis of salvation (2 Thess. 2:10, 12, 13). Belief is also expressed, of course, in obedience to the command to be baptized in water (Acts 8:12; Mt. 28:19-20). The Great Commission is to relay all the commands given by Jesus until the end of the age (Mt. 28:20). This is the only way a disciple is made.
[1161]
It is essential to remember that belief without obedience is not faith at all. Hence we read that
the Lord told Isaac, the son of Abraham, “ I will increase your descendants until they are as many as
the stars of the sky, and I will give your descendants all these lands, and all the nations of the earth will
be blessed through your descendants, because Abraham obeyed Me, and he kept My charge, My
commandments, My regulations, and My law ” (Gen. 26:4-5).
[1162]
This statement makes clear the fact that the basis of Christian faith is believing the
land/kingdom promise made to Abraham and to Jesus who preached it as the Gospel about the
Kingdom (Mk. 1:14-15).
[1163]
The blessing of Abraham is property (the land), prosperity and progeny (Gen. 28:4, 13; 35:12;
50:24; Ex. 6:4). The land promise to Abraham is repeated in the New Covenant as the blessing of
inheriting the land and the world, and the Kingdom of God (Mt. 5:5; Rev. 5:10, etc).
[1164]
That is, of the Kingdom, the basis of the Christian hope and Gospel, so completely alien to the
popular notion of “going to heaven” disembodied at death.
[1165]
God is the creator of all seeds, but His supreme creation was the Son of God, virginally
begotten, the seed of the Creator Himself, the head of the new creation, the second and final Adam. The whole point of the new creation is lost if the Son of God was not originally human. To add a previous
eternal existence to the Son makes him essentially not human and thus not the second Adam. The
warning against a non-human Messiah is clear in 1 John 4:1-6. But did the Church listen?
[1166]
Paul had never heard of a triune God who is three Persons. Or if he knew of such a concept he
rejected it. Jesus never authorized belief in a triune God.
[1167]
All this is implied in having “the faith of Jesus”: we must believe what he believed, including Mark 12:29 and John 17:3! Acts 5:32 says that “God gives His spirit to those who obey Him.” The words of Jesus are life-imparting words (Jn. 6:63). Any “spirit” which does not conform to the words of Jesus and the Apostles is highly suspect (1 Tim. 6:3; 2 John 9). See “the faith of Jesus” in 2:16, 20: Rom. 3:22, 26; Eph. 3:12; Phil. 3:9.
[1168]
Compare Isa. 53:11, where Jesus saves by his knowledge, not only his death. “The Son of God came to give us an understanding in order to know God” (1 Jn. 5:20).
[1169]
Paul ends his argument on a triumphant high point. The true seed of Abraham are no longer people who are of the stock of natural Israel, but they are drawn from all nations and have in common the belief in the God of Abraham and in the Gospel of the Kingdom preached by Jesus. This is the new Israel of the spirit (Gal. 6:16; Phil. 3:3, contrasted with the Israel of the flesh of 1 Cor. 10:18). The promises for the international Church are those made to Abraham: “the promise to Abraham and his descendants that he would be heir of the world” (Rom. 4:13; Gen. 28:4).
Galatians