I urge the elders among you, as a fellow elder and a witness of the
sufferings of Messiah, and also as one who will share in the glory
which will be revealed:
2 Shepherd[1485]
God’s flock among you, overseeing
not under compulsion but voluntarily under God, not for dishonest profit but
eagerly,
3 and not lording it over those entrusted to your care, but being
examples to the flock.
4 Then when the chief Pastor is revealed, you will
win the crown of glory[1486]
which will never fade away.
5 Likewise, you
younger ones, be subject to the elders. And all of you clothe yourselves with
humility towards one another, because “God sets Himself against the proud, but He gives
grace to the humble.”
6 So humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt
you when the time comes,
7 casting all your cares on Him, because He cares about you. 8 Be clear-minded and alert. Your adversary, the Devil, is prowling around like a
roaring lion, searching for someone to devour.
[1487] 9 Resist him, firm in the
faith, knowing that your brothers and sisters throughout the world are
faithfully enduring the same kinds of sufferings.
10 And after you have suffered a little while, the
God of all grace, who invited you to His glory in the Age to Come through
Messiah, will Himself perfect, confirm, strengthen, and establish you. 11 To
Him belongs the dominion to the ages of the ages. Amen.
12 Through Silvanus, whom I consider a faithful brother, I have written this short letter to encourage you and to testify that this is the true grace of God.
Stand firm in it.
13 She who is in Babylon,[1488]
chosen together with you,
greets you, as does Mark, my son.
[1489] 14 Greet one another with a kiss of love.
Peace to all of you who are in Messiah.
Commentary
1 Peter
[1484]
Of the future Kingdom of God to be inaugurated on earth at the return (parousia) of Jesus.
[1485]
I.e. pastor the people of God. Elders, pastors, bishops and overseers are the same rank in the NT. This changed in post-biblical times.
[1486]
The Christian reward throughout Scripture is to co-administer the future Kingdom with Jesus.
Dan. 7:14, 18, 22, 27 (RSV) lays this out and the theme is repeated often in the NT. The idea of
disappearing to heaven is foreign to the Bible. “‘Heaven’ is never in fact used in the Bible for the
destination of the dying” (Dr. J.A.T. Robinson, In the End God, p. 105).
[1487]
The Devil here is the same as the Satan (his Hebrew title) and is of course a supernatural evil
personality, who “fell into condemnation” (1 Tim. 3:6). “The Devil” is never in the Bible a synonym
for the internal sinful tendency of human beings. Demons in the narrative accounts of the ministry of
Jesus are supernatural evil personalities (certainly not the spirits of dead human beings!), and they are
carefully distinguished from the demonized human beings whom they oppress. In Luke 4:41 the
demons cry out and recognize Jesus as Messiah. These are evidently not “mental diseases” or disturbed
human beings, who, as we all know, do not know that Jesus is Messiah!
[1488]
A reference to the church living probably in geographical Babylon.
[1489]
That is, spiritual son. Paul, too, considered his converts to be “begotten” by him as their
teacher (1 Tim. 1:18).
1 Peter
I.e. pastor the people of God. Elders, pastors, bishops and overseers are the same rank in
the NT. This changed in post-biblical times.